Alcoholism - A Serious Disease :: Alcoholics Drinking Binge Alcohol Essays Papers

Alcoholism - A Serious Disease Alcohol is the most used and abused drug in the world, for this reason there is no wonder why we have alcohol problems. The most common problem is alcoholism. Alcoholism is a chronic usually progressive disease that includes both a psychological and a physical addiction to alcohol. Alcoholics know what will happen to them when they drink but they are so addicted they cannot stop drinking. Alcohol becomes the most important part of the person's life. It totally consumes them, all their thoughts and actions have to do are somehow associated with alcohol. Alcoholism like other illnesses will become worse without treatment and remain life-threatening as long as it is left untreated. The psychological dependence an alcoholic has is when they think alcohol is necessary and life will not be good without it. The physical dependence an alcoholic has is when their body becomes so used to the drug that it now needs alcohol to function without pain. Alcoholism is not a disease experienced only by adults. Alcoholism, like any illness, can strike at any age. Ten percent of the adult drinkers in the U.S are considered alcoholics or at least experience drinking problems to some degree. Surveys have shown that more than one out of three Americans have a personal friend or relative who has had a drinking problem for ten years or longer. Almost two out of three Americans report that they know someone who drinks too much. It is estimated that there are 18 million alcoholic or problem drinkers in the U.S. For every alcoholic there are at least four other people who are affected by the alcoholic. This means that in the U.S. there are at least seventy-two million other people dealing with the disease somehow. Many people believe that alcoholics are people that are the skid row winos and bums. This is a common misconception, actually ninety-four percent of alcoholics live at home, while only six percent are the skid row type. Ninety percent of all alcoholics are employed, and many work for years before their alcoholism becomes so bad that they cannot perform their job. Federal officials estimate that the abuse of alcohol costs the economy well over one-hundred billion dollars every year. Alcohol does this by making people be less productive at work, taking more sick days, sustaining on the job injuries, collecting more workmen?s compensation, and increasing health insurance premiums. Physical Effects Prolonged alcohol use like that of an alcoholic can lead to permanent damage of your

Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Vengeance in Hamlet :: GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Hamlet

Vengeance in Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With Outline  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Time and time again, we as a complex society have recognized in many pieces of great literature the idea of man and revenge. Throughout history, the idea of vengeance has destroyed large communities, populations and entire civilizations. The problem with man and revenge is that one may be side-tracted of   why or whom he is avenging. This similar idea is conveyed in the theme of Shakespear's Hamlet ,   "Vengeance can confuse a man's mind and soul to the point where he may not be sure of whom he is really avenging." Shakespear uses foils in this play to allow us readers to understand Hamlet as a man and why and whom he is really avenging.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A foil is   "minor character in a literary work who by the similarities and differences in what he or she does (as compared to a more important character), or by simply being there for another character to talk to, helps the audience understand a more important character." Laertes and the ghost are foils for Hamlet in this play which help us readers understand his character and his actions. During the play, Hamlet ignores his father's (ghost) warning about his mother, pretends to be crazy, betrays Ophelia, and delays the vengeance of his father's murder. What was the cause of these actions? Why did Hamlet delay his duty of vengeance? Through the insight of the ghost and Laertes, one may be able to come to his/her own conclusions.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Laertes was a stable-minded student who was Polonius's son and Ophelia's brother. He was a strong-willed young man whom studied over seas, was protective of Ophelia, loved his family, and kept his loyalty to King Hamlet and then to King Claudius. Hamlet and Laertes had never been friends, for Hamlet was of a higher social class.   In one aspect, Laertes respected their differences and in another, it made him leary of and curious about Hamlet and his ways. Also, hamlet had feelings for Ophelia for which Laertes despised and warranted off. Although Hamlet and Laertes differ, Laertes acts as a stable foil for Hamlet whom makes sound decisions and acts on his words instead of just speaking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Laertes allows us readers to explore how Hamlet should have acted instead of how he did: Inactive, in a state of delay, and full of words.

Authentic Freedom Essay

A human being is free to do as what they please! That’s just an interpretation of authentic freedom. All too often humans think of freedom as a free for all. Authentic freedom is does not mean doing what one wants when one wants to whom one wants, but rather it means, understanding who one is , that a human being is not alone and here to contribute to society. Authentic freedom is a paradox, one that will make you think, but not a contradiction. The more freedom a human being has, the more one is called to respond. â€Å"Freedom is exercised in relationships between human beings. Every human person, created in the image of God, has the natural right to be recognized as a free and responsible being. All owe to each other this duty of respect. The right to the exercise of freedom, especially in moral and religious matters, is an inalienable requirement of the dignity of the human person. This right must be recognized and protected by civil authority within the limits of the common good and public order (Catechism, 1732). A human being gains freedom, by exercising freewill in a positive and productive way. People make choices in daily life, choices that affect the ability to live a free life. When one chooses to go counter to the common good, a human being chooses slavery, slavery to the consequences of one’s choice. †The more one does what is good, the freer one becomes. There is no true freedom except in the service of what is good and just. The choice to disobey and do evil is an abuse of freedom and leads to â€Å"the slavery of sin† (Catechism, 1733). When a human chooses not to listen to their conscience one chooses to listen to the voice of evil, when that happens, a human being has just entered in to a slave/master relationship. With them being the slave. Freedom allows one to make choices that benefit themselves and more importantly the world around them. Freedom demands of one, or rather obligates one to concern ourselves with the affairs of the world around us. If you look at the world around a human being, countries where freedom is lacking, the overall population is less concerned with their fellow man, then in a freer society. The same can be said of individuals, the more freedom a human being has, and the more responsible one acts to other, on the whole.

Synopsis of Amul

[pic] Synopsis Of Major Project Report on Sales & Distribution Management Role of Sales and Distribution in AMUL India Guided By:-Submitted by:- Dr . Alok Mittal Sir Medha Nakhare MBA 3rd Sem Section- Y Introduction Sales Management-Sales management is a business discipline which is focused on the practical application of sales techniques and the management of a firm's sales operations. It is an important business function as net sales through the sale of products and services and resulting profit drive most commercial business.These are also typically the goals and performance indicators of sales management. Sales manager is the typical title of someone whose role is sales management. The role typically involves sales planning, human resources, talent development, leadership and control of resources such as organisational assets. Distribution -Overseeing the movement of goods from supplier or manufacturer to point of sale. Distribution management is an overarching term that refers t o numerous activities and processes such as packaging, inventory, warehousing, supply chain and logistics.Effectively managing the entire distribution process is critical to financial success and corporate longevity. The larger a corporation or the greater the number of supply points a company has, the more it will need to rely on automation to effectively manage the distribution process. Introduction to AMUL Amul is the name dairy cooperative in India. Derived from the Sanskrit word â€Å"Amulya,† Amul means invaluable. Formed in 1946, it is a brand name managed by an Indian cooperative organisation, Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd. GCMMF), which today is jointly owned by 3. 03 million milk producers in Gujarat, India. Entrance of Amul factory Amul is based in Anand, Gujarat and has been a successful example of cooperative organization. Amul spurred the White Revolution in India which in turn made India the largest producer of milk and milk products in the world. It is also the world's largest vegetarian cheese brand . Amul is the largest food brand in India and world's largest pouched milk brand with an annual turnover of US $2. 2 billion (2010-11). Currently Unions making up GCMMF have 3. million producer members with milk collection average of 9. 10 million litres per day. Besides India, Amul has entered overseas markets such as Mauritius, UAE, USA, Oman, Bangladesh, Australia, China, Singapore, Hong Kong and a few South African countries. Its bid to enter Japanese market in 1994 did not succeed, but it plans to venture again. Dr Verghese Kurien, former chairman of the GCMMF, is recognised as a key person behind the success of Amul. On 10 Aug 2006 Parthi Bhatol, chairman of the Banaskantha Union, was elected chairman of GCMMF. LITERATURE REVIEW Dr.Erich  Joachimsthaler, CEO, Vivaldi Partners and Co author with David Aaker  of the seminal book  Ã‚  BRAND LEADERSHIP  says that this no longer means mere lip service on the par t of the marketers of milk product market. As he points out, perhaps to many a brand marketer's chagrin, brands don't occupy much mind space. In consumers,  but revolves around other interest in their lives. Now as he says companies like AMUL,SANCHI, develop products that fit in to consumers' lives rather than develop products,which they think consumers will prefer  The next decade is expected to be quite cataclysmic for milk product market specially for  AMUL, an article by D.Shivakumar, ED of Philips India, captures the essence of the changes that are being wrought. But the refrain is the same. To manage and succeed in tomorrow's Brand world in milk line product, marketing teams of AMUL would need to  be far more right brained than left brained they need to be more consumer connected and responsive than ever before. Speed, smart thinking and sensitivity will be the skill set of  the marketer Objectives †¢ To estimate market potential and perception towards product. †¢ To find out frequency of consumption of product. To know the awareness among the retailers for the product. †¢ To do market analysis in order to study usage patterns and buying behaviour of product. †¢ To know the awareness level among the consumers for product. †¢ To know the causes of not buying the product. Research  Methodology The research includes meetings with the retailers, consumers and dealers. It includes preparation of the questionnaire to be answered by people for knowing the competitive position of Amul in the milk market. The views of the people will be recorded in the  research as per the questionnaire. Research  ApproachThe objective is to know the competitive position of Amul in the milk market thus in order  to successfully conduct the research the unbiased opinion of the parties was desirable. Thus, the research will conducted as the representative of Amul company and sometimes the representatives of the other company like Saurabh o r Sanchi in order to have an unbiased opinion of the concerned persons. Research  Instrument The research instrument is the structured questionnaire formulated for the respondents. The questionnaire will be different for the retailers and dealers and for the consumers there is a different set of questionnaire.There will also the area maps. SAMPLING PLAN How should the respondents be chosen? To get the most feasible and accurate result, simple random probability sampling method was adopted for direct interview of  retailers and cluster sampling was used to communicate the consumers from different apartments of different sectors for the survey. In simple random probability sampling, probability of being chosen as a sample unit for each unit in the population is equal. Each sample unit from the population is chosen randomly. Probability  of  being  chosen  as  a  sample  it  depends  upon  the  population size and no. of sample units to be chosen.While in clus ter (area) sampling the population is divided into mutually exclusive groups (such as city blocks, sectors etc. ), and the researcher draws a sample of the groups using random sampling. Sometimes researcher again draws sample units of respondents from selected groups. It is known as two-step area sampling. Tools for collecting Data Data is generally of two types-: a) Primary Data b) Secondary Data Primary Data Those data specially collected for problem in hand. In this study, data were collected from primary sources in personal interview of retailers and interaction with consumers by survey method.These methods of data collection are quite popular. These are the major methods of data collection in the research study. Methods of collecting Primary Data- †¢ Face to Face survey †¢ Open handed interview †¢ Telephone Survey †¢ Postal Survey †¢ Consumer Panels †¢ Experiments †¢ Observations Secondary Data Those data which are collected other than helping others and solving problems are known as the Secondary data. For example, Old reports, company records, magazines, company website, etc. Methods of collecting secondary data-: ? Internal Sources- †¢ Existing Report †¢ Distribution Data Shopkeepers Opinions †¢ Stock Records †¢ Sales Records †¢ Accounting Records ? External sources- †¢ Government Statistics †¢ Specialist Business Organization †¢ Consumer database LIMITATIONS This report will have to work under several constraints and limitations. Some of the key limitation are.. 1. The survey will be limited only a small area. 2. Convenient sampling will be used as the mode of conducting the research. 3. The sample size of the taken will be small, therefore it can be said that the chosen sample is not the representative of the whole population and this hindered quantitative research. 4.The psychology and temperament of a respondent play a significant role. Some respondents are more sensitive as against others who are more tolerant. A change in the composition of the respondents can affect the  answers adversely or favourably. 5. Respondents may not have been true in answering various questions and may be biased to certain other questions. 6. Out of the whole research and analysis, only three major brands will be highlighted, leaving aside the other non-popular brands. BIBLIOGRAPHY & WEBLIOGRAPHY 1. Marketing Management- Philip Kotler 2. www. google. com 3. www. wikipedia. com 4. www. amul. com [pic]

Overfishing and it Effects to the Environment Essay

For the last 10 years, the world had been aware of the various changes which had been occurring within our environment. It is known to us that the actions which our ancestors had done in the past have now caused us many problems such as global disasters that could truly ruin the future of the next generation. In the event of the problem of climate change (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005), various things had come up such as pollution of the air and various water resources. Due to this, different aspect of the environment is deeply affected and sometimes devastated because of the scenarios present. For many people who live in a place where in fishing is their main industry, it is immediately declared that their primary source of income is directly affected by the harsh conditions of the changing weather brought by climate change. Although it is true the climate change is affecting the waters which is one of the main source of our resources, it could not be hidden that the individuals who are directly involved in the industry are also to be blamed to the catastrophe in the water industry. In the waters, one of the main problems which are faced by the industries is the lessening of the fishes in the see. One of the main culprits of this issue is the over fishing of various fishermen who are connected to the huge companies. Over fishing had been a main concern for various non-governmental organizations such that of the Green Peace. It was said by the respectful environmental group that â€Å"over-exploitation and mismanagement of fisheries has already led to some spectacular fisheries collapses. The cod fishery off Newfoundland, Canada collapsed in 1992, leading to the loss of some 40,000 jobs in the industry. The cod stocks in the North Sea and Baltic Sea are now heading the same way and are close to complete collapse† (Green Peace, 2008). Even before human beings have discovered new technologies, it is known that fishes are the main source of food for many. Based on various historical books such as the Bible, fish was the main commodity for the people in order for them to eat. As years gone by, more and more people are inclined to get more fish in order for them to gain income to provide their families. Various innovations and technological advancements were also used to increase the number of catch due to the increasing number of demand for fish. Based on the studies made by the Green Peace and their team of scientists it was stated that overfishing truly is causing a grave danger for the marine life and diversity of our oceans. Most of the fishermen who have the capacity to catch enough fish are those that utilize nets which are not suited to legally catch fish. Many of the fishermen use nets which has smaller holes which do not allow the smaller fishes to escape. This type of scenario happens most of the time, therefore the young fishes were not given a chance to grow and be mature enough to be caught. Through the Young People’s Trust for the Environment, types of events happen due to commercial fishing. There are various techniques that are done by fishermen in order for them to capture various kinds of fishes. There are fishes which are called â€Å"pelagic† meaning they live within the upper parts of the water making them the most accessible fishes to be caught by fishing nets which are connected to the gigantic ships that fishermen use. It is stated that, â€Å"net suspended from floats is stretched between two boats so that fish swim into it. Fish are unable to swim backwards, so once they are caught in the net, there is no escape unless they are small enough to fit through the net’s mesh† (Young People’s Trust for the Environment, 2008). Other fishes that are in the deeper level of the sea are caught differently. There is also a big net placed under the boat which then gets everything that it captures along the way. The marine resources that I catch were not only fish but also the coral reefs, the schools and other organisms which are not supposed to be captured during the act of fishing. Such action is not only disastrous for the young fishes but also the organisms within the environment because they are also being displaced and even killed when there are commercial ships around. (n. p. ) In order to mitigate the problem of over fishing different agencies have created ways in order for them to fully destabilize the problem which is being caused by over fishing. One of the main agencies are the United Nations in which launched various types of programs and amendments to protect the marine resources all over the world as well as protect the marine resources that our world currently have. In 1995, an article was written about the treaty in which was proposed under the United Nations which addresses the problem in over fishing. It states that the treaty should be approved by 185 countries which then be ratified by 30 countries in order for the treaty to be fully taken into place. In addition, another program which had been under the United Nations is the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement (Government of Canada, 2006). However, Green Peace and World Wildlife Fund had expressed that this treaty would not directly answer the problems of over fishing. In fact, Matthew Gianni had stated that there is a great possibility that yearly there will be new innovations of boats which will be able to detect fish which then result to much more damage to our marine resources (Crossette, 1995). With such article, it directly states that these international organizations does not trust that a plain agreement with various countries thus they suggests more than just an agreement but a full arrangement and limitation of the types of vessels which should be reasonable to be able to catch enough fish. In addition, fishes which will be caught will be enough in size and maturity which will then leave the small fishes to be fully grown and create another generation of fishes. The World Wildlife Fund have done their own actions in order for help create a sustainable fishing for the future generation. They have noted various types of steps in which they called: Fisheries Partnership Agreements which listed these various general actions to fully attain sustainable fishing: †¢ respect sustainable fishing levels account for environmental costs †¢ protect local fishers †¢ include compliance with flag state laws †¢ are based on best practice fisheries management †¢ include cooperation on research and monitoring †¢ ensure adequate monitoring and enforcement capacity †¢ ensure fairer sharing of economic benefits between producer and extractor nations (World Wildlife Fund, 2008) In conclusion, many of our world’s resources had now been gone and are still being abused by various types of industries due to the demand of resources the global economy has. But then, we should remember that we must learn how to conserve our natural resources so that there would not be scarce resources for the future. Like the World Wildlife Fund and the Green Peace have stated, it is not enough the there will be treaties and agreements under these types of issues. It is still important that the mitigation process should be continuously checked in order to incur changes for the environment, the amount of resources as well as to secure the lives of the future generation. The continuous efforts of the international community, through the help of various countries as well as the international organization will lead to a prosperous and much more peaceful fellowship with one another. On the other hand, the issue of climate change must also be resolved for the reason that it also affects the issue regarding overfishing and lessening of the resources available for various marine industries. Although there are issues like this, it should be taken into mind that the responsibility is not only through organizations but also through an individualistic perspective.

Why Study Humanities

Allison Humanities-?is a study of human culture with a great emphasis of history and art; further broken down into disciplines as music, performing art, theatre, religion, and languages. It is a study of what people have created and accomplished over a vast period of time. Nowhere in the definition of humanities have I seen science or medicine as sub study to humanities; maybe because science existed before human beings, but they were privileged to uncover and reveal to the rest of the World the new scientific laws.However, studying Humanities I would consider science piece as well, because it is also another significant achievement of the intelligent species. Traveling is one of my favorite types of vacation. Every year I try to visit a different country or two. Summer of 2014 was packed with lots of new experiences, mixed emotions, new knowledge, and of course new perspectives of different cultures.This summer I had an opportunity to travel to Israel. There I visited places like De ad Sea, Red Sea, Tell Aviva, Cashed and Mediterranean Sea, drove through two historically important deserts, the Judea Desert and The Desert of Engel, and of course Jerusalem, the city most desired and finally visited and explored. Jerusalem, especially the Old City is a heritage of three different religions and a multitude of different nations.The place that I wanted to visit the most was the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, place that commemorates the hill where Jesus Christ was crucified and His tomb where He was buried. This site is controlled by The Greek Orthodox Church, but people from many different religious backgrounds visit the church. What I found absolutely amusing is that there are no descriptions inside the church of the exhibits. Only during my second visit to the church I realized that Goliath (the hill of crucifixion) was located inside the church.When I inquired about the reason why there are no descriptions, I was told that guides from different religious background s are telling their own story from their religious perspective, and give the exhibit their own cultural name. Another place that I totally fell in love with was The Mount of Olives. It is located outside of the Old City of Jerusalem. The Jewish tradition says that Jesus' second coming will be on The Mount of Olives and the resurrection of the dead will occur at that time, thus many Jews want to be buried on the mountain.From the top mountain the view to the humongous cemetery opens up that is a result of the traditional belief. Muslim heritage also believe that Jesus will return to The Mount of Olives and have buried there their best soldiers who would stop Jesus from coming when the resurrection of the dead occurs. The New Testament of the Bible also mentions The Mount of Olives as the place where Jesus cried for His people. Visiting Jerusalem was a dream off lifetime. I attempted to go there in 2004 for the Why Study Humanities Allison Humanities-?is a study of human culture with a great emphasis of history and art; further broken down into disciplines as music, performing art, theatre, religion, and languages. It is a study of what people have created and accomplished over a vast period of time. Nowhere in the definition of humanities have I seen science or medicine as sub study to humanities; maybe because science existed before human beings, but they were privileged to uncover and reveal to the rest of the World the new scientific laws.However, studying Humanities I would consider science piece as well, because it is also another significant achievement of the intelligent species. Traveling is one of my favorite types of vacation. Every year I try to visit a different country or two. Summer of 2014 was packed with lots of new experiences, mixed emotions, new knowledge, and of course new perspectives of different cultures.This summer I had an opportunity to travel to Israel. There I visited places like De ad Sea, Red Sea, Tell Aviva, Cashed and Mediterranean Sea, drove through two historically important deserts, the Judea Desert and The Desert of Engel, and of course Jerusalem, the city most desired and finally visited and explored. Jerusalem, especially the Old City is a heritage of three different religions and a multitude of different nations.The place that I wanted to visit the most was the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, place that commemorates the hill where Jesus Christ was crucified and His tomb where He was buried. This site is controlled by The Greek Orthodox Church, but people from many different religious backgrounds visit the church. What I found absolutely amusing is that there are no descriptions inside the church of the exhibits. Only during my second visit to the church I realized that Goliath (the hill of crucifixion) was located inside the church.When I inquired about the reason why there are no descriptions, I was told that guides from different religious background s are telling their own story from their religious perspective, and give the exhibit their own cultural name. Another place that I totally fell in love with was The Mount of Olives. It is located outside of the Old City of Jerusalem. The Jewish tradition says that Jesus' second coming will be on The Mount of Olives and the resurrection of the dead will occur at that time, thus many Jews want to be buried on the mountain.From the top mountain the view to the humongous cemetery opens up that is a result of the traditional belief. Muslim heritage also believe that Jesus will return to The Mount of Olives and have buried there their best soldiers who would stop Jesus from coming when the resurrection of the dead occurs. The New Testament of the Bible also mentions The Mount of Olives as the place where Jesus cried for His people. Visiting Jerusalem was a dream off lifetime. I attempted to go there in 2004 for the

Hydraulic Fracturing & Policy Actions in New York Research Paper

Hydraulic Fracturing & Policy Actions in New York - Research Paper Example The country has several potential sites for oil deposits which recently have been explored by oil-drilling companies. The latest innovation on oil drilling techniques has opened opportunities for the United States to become oil dependent, opening abundant supply of natural gases which the US didn’t have several years ago. One of the newest techniques being used for extracting high volume oil is called â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing†. Even though this new technique would open up a big opportunity for the United States to become self-sufficient on oil, there is still manifold repudiation on the ratification of the proposal on several states as bunch of claims were raised that this type of gas extraction might come at the expense of the health of the public as well as the environment. Many government agencies proposed policies in order to regulate the natural gas explorations in various states in the country. This particular study focuses on the pathway of the states of New Yo rk alongside Pennsylvania in the writing of parametric policies that will regulate the oil-drilling operations and at the same time to protect the public safety by ensuring prevention of contaminating the water supplies and precluding some other side effects of Hydraulic Fracturing from taking place. What is Hydraulic Fracturing? â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing is the propagation of fractures in a rock layer caused by the presence of a pressurized fluid. Hydraulic fractures may form naturally, as in the case of veins or dikes, or may be man-made in order to release petroleum, natural gas, coal seam gas, or other substances for extraction, where the technique is often called frackin or hydrofracking.†Ã‚  frackin  or  hydrofracking.† Since there are solid rock formations underneath the soil, hydraulic fracturing also uses chemicals and other substances in a form of highly-pressurized fluid that will fracture the rock formation paving the way towards the recovery of fossil fuels which are later to be converted into various petroleum products. In the United States, Hydraulic Fracturing is defined as â€Å"†¦is the process of utilizing pressurized water, chemical additives, and physical proppants to fracture rock layers and release petroleum, natural gas, or other substances so that they can be e xtracted.† Proppants are substances in forms of sand or fine coarse to prevent drilled holes from closing when operations are tentatively ceased. Hydraulic Fracturing is also common outside the United States. In Canada, though they have started the drilling operations by fracking in the 1990s, complaints about its safety as verbalized by the concerned and affected residents arose only after eleven years. In Australia, hydraulic fracturing is also very common; however, there were reported breakage or leaks on the pipes used for extraction which as per the report has contaminated the water supply in some parts of Australia. This has triggered the national and local governments in Australia to regulate the oil-drilling operations by potently prohibiting the inclusion of chemicals in the drilling process. Some other countries which use hydraulic fracturing are New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom. Further, France had also used the technique but was eventually sent to c losure after manifold public complaints. THE HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AND POLICY ACTION IN NEW YORK 4 The environmental and